Sequence and Strategies for Teaching Multiplication Facts (Kling & Bay-Williams, 2015)

 

Level 1: Counting (Foundational Facts)
 

2’s, 5’s, and 10’s (begin these late in second grade)

 

0s, 1’s, multiplication squares (2 x 2, 3 x 3, etc.)

Use story problems, arrays, skip counting, and patterns on a hundred chart and a multiplication table to learn these facts.

 

Story Problems:

This 25-day module begins the year by building on students’ fluency with addition and their knowledge of arrays.

 

http://greatminds.net/maps/math/grade-3/module-1 

 

http://www.multiplication.com/teach/teach-the-times-tables

 

Skip Counting:

Balloon Pop Skip Count - has students pop balloons using skip counting

 

Online Skip Counting Games

 

 

Keystone Media Resources:

 

B 104134 One, Two, Skip a Few!: First Number Rhymes 

 

DVD 2115 Skip Counting   

 

KM 9865 Skip-Counting Big Book

Level 2: Deriving

 

Adding or subtracting a group

Start with a nearby 2s, 5s, or 10s fact, then subtract (or add) the group.  

 

Example:  I don’t know 9 x 6, so I think “10 x 6 = 60” and subtract one group of 6 to get 54.

 

Halving and Doubling

Look for an even factor.  Find the fact for half of that factor, then double it.

 

Example:  I don’t know 6 x 8, so I think “3 x 8 = 24” and double that to get 48.

 

 

Doubles Memory - card game having students find matches by doubling 1 - 12

 

 

Doubles Bump - two or more player game using doubling 1- 10

 

 

Doubles Cover-Up - two-player game that has students double 1 - 10

 

 

Halving and Doubling Strategy - shows how to teach doubling one number and halving the other to get an answer, i.e. 5 x 16 = 10 x 8 = 80

 

 

Target game - has students shoot at target for specific halves or doubles

 

 

Halving and Doubling Video - video tutorial showing how to cut one factor in half, multiply, and double the answer

 

Using a square product

Look for a nearby square.  Find that fact and add on or subtract off the extra group.

 

Example:  I don’t know 7 x 6.  I use 6 x 6 = 36 and add one more 6 to get 42.

 

Decomposing a Factor

Partition one of the factors into a convenient sum of known facts, find the two known facts, and combine the products.

 

Example:  I don’t know 7 x 6.  I break the 7 into 2 and 5, because I know 2 x 6 and 5 x 6.  Then I add 12 and 30 to get 42.

http://www.k-5mathteachingresources.com/support-files/decompose-a-factor-ver.1.pdf

 

http://www.mathplayground.com/factortrees.html

 

http://illuminations.nctm.org/Activity.aspx?id=3511

 

 

Level 3: Mastery

 

 

Greg Tang Math Games

• Kakooma

• Missing

•  

 

Salute! (Kling and Bay-Williams, 2015)

• Students work in groups of 3 with a deck of cards (omitting face cards and using ace = 1)

• Two students draw a card without looking at it and place on forehead facing out

• The student with no card tells the product. The other 2 players determine the value of their card

• Look at cards and rotate roles

 

Top It (Kling and Bay-Williams, 2015)

• Put students in pairs with a deck of cards (omitting face cards, using ace as 1)

• Have each student take half of the deck

• Both players turn over two cards and say the product of the two cards

• Whoever has the larger product wins the cards

• Whoever has the most cards wins